Wednesday, February 3, 2021

Mexican migrants sent home a record $40 billion in 2020 AOL Associated Press February 3, 2021, 7:17 AM

 

Mexican migrants sent home a record $40 billion in 2020

 
 
 
 

MEXICO CITY (AP) — Money sent home by Mexican migrants rose 11.4% in 2020 to a new high despite the coronavirus pandemic, Mexico’s central bank reported Tuesday.

BBVA bank said in an analysis report that this was the fifth straight year the remittances, as the money is know, set records. The $40.6 billion that migrants sent home to Mexico in 2020 was equivalent to the combined entire budgets of the Mexican government's education, health, labor, welfare and culture departments.

As a source of foreign income, remittances earn Mexico more money than oil exports or tourism and are exceeded only by manufacturing exports.

About 98.5% of Mexico's remittances are sent from the United States, almost all by bank or wire transfers.


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Despite a controversial proposal before Mexico's Congress to make the central bank buy all cash dollars that wind up in Mexican banks — a move that would supposedly help migrants — only about 0.7% of remittances enter the country in cash.

The flow of remittances in 2020 compared to $36.4 billion sent in 2019, and included $4 billion in March alone, a record for a single month. The rise was much better than other countries, which have seen drops in remittances because of job losses or reductions in hours due to the pandemic.

Most Mexican migrants live and work in the United States, where unemployment has surged because of lockdowns. Given the big drop in the value of the peso so far this year, remittances sent in dollars will go much further.

The western state of Jalisco is now the Mexican state that gets the most remittance money, displacing neighboring Michoacan, which long topped the list.

House approves fines of up to $10,000 for lawmakers who evade metal detectors NBC Universal REBECCA SHABAD February 3, 2021, 7:37 AM

 

House approves fines of up to $10,000 for lawmakers who evade metal detectors

REBECCA SHABAD

WASHINGTON — The House on Tuesday night adopted a rule to impose fines on lawmakers who flout new security measures requiring they pass through security screening, including metal detectors, to enter the House floor.

Under the measure, lawmakers that refuse to comply would be fined $5,000 for the first offense and $10,000 for a second offense.

The new rule comes in the wake of the Jan. 6 assault on the Capitol.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said in a statement Tuesday that days after the attack, “many House Republicans began disrespecting our heroes by refusing to adhere to basic precautions keeping members of our congressional community safe — including by dodging metal detectors, physically pushing past police, and even attempting to bring firearms into the chamber.”

“It is beyond comprehension why any member would refuse to adhere to these simple, commonsense steps to keep this body safe,” Pelosi said.

Under the rule, members would be able to appeal a fine before the House Ethics Committee. If a member fails to pay the fine after a 90-day period, the amount would be deducted from his or her pay check. Lawmakers cannot use campaign funds or official funds to pay the fines.

Since the metal detectors were installed outside the House floor, a number of Republicans have protested and bypassed them, with some arguing that the screenings violate their constitutional rights.

Freshman Rep. Lauren Boebert, R-Colo., said last month on Twitter, "I am legally permitted to carry my firearm in Washington, D.C. and within the Capitol complex. Metal detectors outside of the House would not have stopped the violence we saw last week — it's just another political stunt by Speaker Pelosi."

U.S. Capitol Police also launched an investigation last month into a report that Rep. Andy Harris, R-Md., tried to take a gun onto the House floor.

Harris' office responded to questions about the investigation in a statement saying "the congressman always complies with the House metal detectors and wanding" and that he "has never carried a firearm on the House floor."



Challah by Aish.com staff...Fresh and steamy, that first bite is always the most delicious.

 

Challah

Challah

Fresh and steamy, that first bite is always the most delicious.


ALWAYS SUCCESSFUL CHALLAH

  • 8-9 cups flour
  • 2 1/2 cups lukewarm water
  • 1/4-1 cup sugar
  • 1/2 cup oil
  • 1 Tbsp. Salt
  • 1/4 cup raisins (optional)
  • 2 oz. (50 gm.) yeast
  • 5 eggs

Mix together 2 1/2 cups flour with sugar, salt, yeast (no need to dissolve first), water, and oil. Mix in 4 eggs. Beat in 11/2 cups flour very well. Add 4-5 cups flour until a very soft dough is formed. Add raisins (optional). Knead. Separate challah, if necessary. Refrigerate overnight. In the morning, let warm to room temperature, 1-2 hours. Make balls, roll them into ropes, and braid (see illustration, page 122). Let rise, covered, for 1/2-1 hour. Make egg wash by beating 1 egg. Brush on challah. Bake in preheated oven at 325 degrees F. (160 degrees C.) for 30 minutes. Apply egg wash once more and bake another 30 minutes at 350 degrees F. (175 degrees C.). Makes 4 medium-sized challahs.

SWEET HALF-AND-HALF CHALLAH

  • 2 oz. (60 gm.) yeast
  • 4 eggs
  • 2 cups warm water
  • 4 cups whole-wheat flour
  • 1 cup honey
  • 5-6 cups white flour
  • 3/4 cup oil

Mix together yeast, water, honey, oil, and eggs. Add the sifted flour. Knead until dough does not stick to fingers. Cover dough with a damp cloth and let rise in a warm place for 2 hours. Separate challah, if necessary. Divide the dough into 6 balls. Divide each ball into thirds and braid (see illustration, page 122). Let rise for 1 hour. Bake in preheated oven at 350 degrees F. (175 degrees C.), for 30-45 minutes. Do not overbake. Makes 6 loaves.

BUBBIE IRMA'S CHALLAH

  • 1/2 cup oil
  • 1/2 cup honey
  • 1 tablespoon salt
  • 3 eggs
  • 2 cups warm water
  • 50 grams (2 oz.) yeast
  • 8 to 9 cups flour (whole wheat and white). A combination of both flours makes the best challahs.

Mix the ingredients -- putting the oil into the bowl first and then measure and add the honey -- using the same measuring cup that you measured the oil in. This little trick allows the honey to run smoothly out of the measuring cup. Add the remaining ingredients in the order given.

In Israel the yeast can be purchased in two forms. One is a measured bag of 50 grams in a solid form, and the other is a bag of yeast granules. I use the yeast granules and these dissolve well, mixed into the recipe just before the flour is added. If you use the American yeast, I dissolve it in 1 cup of the warm water before putting it into the bowl.

When making my challah in an electric mixer, I let it knead for 3 minutes and then do a little hand-kneading as I transfer the dough into an oiled bowl. If it is kneaded by hand, it is necessary to knead the dough for 10 minutes.

Let the dough rise in a large bowl that has been coated with oil. When transferring the dough into the oiled bowl, be sure to turn it on all sides so that it gets a thin coating of oil. Place the bowl in a warm place until the dough is double in size -- then punch down and knead a bit more.

Place the dough back in the bowl and let it rise a second time. This should take about one hour. Punch down and cut into sizes desired. For very special occasions, I make one large challah using all of the dough. When the breads are shaped, brush them generously with egg yolk and sprinkle with either poppy seeds or sesame seeds.

Bake in 350-degree oven for approximately 25-30 minutes, or until the challah sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.

EGGLESS (OR WATER) CHALLAH

  • 2 oz. (60 gm.) yeast
  • 1/2 cup oil
  • 9 cups flour
  • 1/2 cup plus
  • 2 tsp. sugar
  • 3 cups water
  • 2 tsp. salt

Dissolve yeast and 2 tsp. sugar in 1/2 cup warm water. Sift flour into a very large bowl. Make a well in middle of flour. Add 2 1/2 cups water, oil, 1/2 cup sugar, salt, and yeast mixture. Mix until a soft dough is formed. Knead. Separate challah, if necessary. Place dough in a greased bowl. Cover with a towel. Let dough rest until double in bulk. Punch down. Knead. Divide into 9 balls. Let dough rest 10 minutes. Roll into ropes and braid (see illustration, page 122) into 3 loaves. Let rise 20-30 minutes. Bake at 350 degrees F. (175 degrees C.), for 45 minutes to 1 hour. Makes 3 challahs.

WHOLE-WHEAT CHALLAH

  • 2 oz. (60 gm.) yeast
  • 1/3 cup honey
  • 3 cups warm water
  • 2 eggs
  • 1 tsp. sugar
  • 1 Tbsp. salt
  • 10 cups whole-wheat flour
  • poppy, caraway, or sesame seeds
  • 1/3 cup oil
  • 1 egg yolk

The following "sponge method" gives whole-wheat challah a lighter texture. Activate yeast in 1/2 cup water with sugar. Beat in remaining 2 1/2 cups of water, 5 cups flour, oil, honey, 2 eggs, and salt. Dough should now resemble a cake batter. Let rise 30-60 minutes. Punch down. Add the rest of the flour slowly, while kneading, until dough no longer sticks to fingers. Separate challah, if necessary. Cover with damp towel. Allow to rise again until double in size. Punch down. Shape into loaves and braid (see illustration, page 122). Place in well-greased loaf pans. Beat egg yolk and brush over loaves. Pat on poppy, caraway, or sesame seeds. Let rise for 30 minutes. Bake in preheated oven at 350 degrees F. (175 degrees C.) for 30 minutes. Makes 4 medium challahs.

Variation: Substitute 1 cup wheat germ for 1 cup flour, and/or 1 cup soy flour for 1 cup flour.

MEIRA'S FAMOUS CHALLAH

  • 3 Tbsp. yeast (or 3 pkgs.)
  • 2 1/4 cups warm water.
  • "soup bowl" of warm water
  • salt
  • 1 Tbsp. brown sugar
  • raisins
  • 4 eggs
  • 7 cups white flour
  • 3/4 cup oil
  • 7 cups whole-wheat flour
  • 3/4 cup brown sugar
  • sesame seeds (optional)

Dissolve yeast in "soup bowl" of warm water with 1 Tbsp. brown sugar. Set aside to "bubble-up." In a large bowl or pot, put in eggs, slightly beaten, add oil, brown sugar, 2 1/4 cups warm water, about a tablespoon of salt, a couple of handfuls of raisins (white raisins work best). Add the yeast mixture that has started to "bubble-up" a bit. Stir together. Add flour, alternating a couple of cups of white, then whole wheat. Use your hands and keep adding flour (you may need a little more), until the dough doesn't stick to your hands. Remove the dough and knead just a couple of minutes. Add some oil to the bowl or pot and place dough mixture back in, turning it over so that all sides are coated with oil. Take a towel dampened with warm water and cover the container. Let rise at least 1 hour. Punch down. Separate challah with a bracha, roll, and braid (see illustration, p. 122). Brush with egg wash (using 1 whole egg slightly beaten) and sprinkle with sesame or poppy seeds if desired. Bake in preheated 350 degree F. (175 degrees C.) oven for approximately 20 minutes, or until challahs are golden brown and sound hollow when tapped. Makes about 6 loaves.

THE SPECIAL MITZVAH TO “TAKE CHALLAH”

Shabbat bread is called “challah” because it is a mitzvah to "separate challah" from bread dough, when it is made in a certain quantity. This is considered a special mitzvah for women, with its source and significance dating back to the Torah itself.

Bread, being considered the sustenance of life, was prepared, and, before being baked, a portion of the dough (called challah) was separated after reciting a blessing recognizing the act. It goes like this:

Baruch ata Adonai, Eloheinu melech ha-olam, asher kideshanu be-mitzvosav ve-tzivanu lehafrish challah min ha-isah.
You are blessed, Lord our God, Sovereign of the world, Who made us holy with His commandments and commanded us to separate challah from the dough.

kezayit (approximately 1/2 oz. or 15 gm.) of dough is separated after reciting the bracha, and, since we do not have a Temple to which we bring the separated dough, we destroy it and dispose of it in a dignified manner. The most common way is to burn it in a piece of foil under the broiler, wrap it in some more foil, and throw it away. Do not eat it.

This blessing and separation applies only when you are using a recipe whose quantities are more than 3 pounds, 12 ounces (1.680 kg.) -- approximately 12.4 cups of flour.

Challah is also separated without a blessing if the quantity is 1.248 kg., approximately 9 to 10 cups (but less than the 1.680 kg. discussed earlier). In this case, the size of the separation does not have to be a kezayit. (It was confusing for me at first, too!)

It is noted in each recipe at what point challah should be separated. If one decreases or increases a recipe, check the preceding paragraph to see if the new volume of flour requires the mitzvah of separation of challah.

If you forgot to separate challah, and the bread is already baked, simply place all the loaves together on one pan, say the blessing, and cut off a piece of one.

Please note that bread should not be eaten if challah was not separated. Take a look at the side panel of most boxes of matzah and you will see the words "Challah Taken." Now you know what it means.

Recipes from Taste of Shabbos: The Complete Cookbook - by the Aish HaTorah Women's Organization, and from Adventures in Bubby Irma's Kitchen



7-4-0-1: Tuvia Ariel's Incredible True Story Apr 4, 2020 | by Rabbi Hillel Goldberg Why did these 4 digits keep reappearing in his life?

 

7-4-0-1: Tuvia Ariel's Incredible True Story

Why did these 4 digits keep reappearing in his life?


As a child growing up in the Bronx, the last four digits of Terry Noble’s phone number were 7401. Coincidence: When Terry was assigned a social security number, the last four digits were 7401. And years later, when he found himself as a volunteer on a kibbutz in Israel – where he now called himself Tuvia Ariel – he worked with a carpenter whom he respected. The carpenter was a wiry, solid man, dedicated, the silent type. Ariel learned that he was one of the few who had escaped Auschwitz and survived, that he then joined the Polish partisans, then the British Army. It sent him to Palestine, where he deserted to join the Palmach, the Jewish fighting force, and helped Israel win her independence in 1948.

Quite a history.

Ariel had read the number tattooed on his arm. The last four digits were 7401.

But more than awe piqued Ariel’s curiosity about this survivor’s experiences in the Holocaust. Ariel had read the number tattooed on his arm. The last four digits were 7401.

“Don’t talk about it!” Ariel recalls the carpenter telling him forcefully, painfully. “I lost my whole family, my mother, my father; there was a brother in back of me, a brother in front of me – I’m the only one left. Don’t bring it up again!”

Ariel didn’t.

Except once.


Tuvia Ariel is a man with many stories. In fact, he is a story: the man who was once a famous musician’s adviser and arranged for kaddish to be recited for an estranged Jewish radical; the man who put in a stint at Yale Law School and was a soldier in the U.S. Army in Israel during the 1956 Sinai war. He tore the “USA” from his uniform and, looking like an Israeli, hitched his way down to the Sinai Peninsula, ready to fight, only to find that the war had ended two hours before.

I was told in advance how colorful Ariel was, but nothing prepared me for the likes of a comment he made one hour after I met him on Friday afternoon. I knew he had a new leg. I knew it was breakthrough for him. But who gives thought to such things? Who wonders what it is like to be without a leg, or with a new one?

Praying in the synagogue on Friday, I sensed nothing unusual as Mincha came to an end. Suddenly, Ariel approached me, almost in tears. “This is the first time in my life I prayed the Shemoneh Esrei standing up. I have never been able to address God like any other Jew, beginning the prayer by taking three steps forward, ending it with three steps backward…”

As follows:

He saved his life by cutting off his own leg as it got caught in a machine he operated on a kibbutz.

Ariel was raised in a non-observant home, in which the Shemoneh Esrei was not recited. Then he went to Israel to volunteer. In 1967, on the fiftieth anniversary of the Russian Revolution, he saved his life by cutting off his own leg as it got caught in a machine he operated on a kibbutz – a machine that sucked his leg into its grinder and from which the rest of his body escaped only by his quick and gruesome self-amputation. A little over ten years later he became a religiously observant Jew. By then he was rotating between a wheelchair, crutches, and artificial legs, which, however, could never keep him standing still long enough to pray the Shemoneh Esrei.

Then, that Friday, he did it. After walking home (only three blocks), he choked up again, “That’s the longest I’ve walked in 22 years.”

He was fitted with a new leg only shortly before – the day the Berlin Wall crumbled. He found his new leg innocently enough. Ariel was in the United States at the beginning of 1989 on a business trip. He saw an advertisement, featuring a new kind of plastic developed for spacecraft, also used for artificial limbs. The ad featured amputees engaged in vigorous basketball, not from wheelchairs, but standing up, running, passing, even jump-shooting. A regular game.

Not with people amputated below the knee, but above the knee.

Ariel thought to himself that seeing this was like seeing a grandmother, who had died long ago, suddenly walking down the street. When he lost his leg 22 years earlier, he never thought he would see himself live normally again – and here were people just like he was, playing basketball.

He inquired and was directed to an advanced prosthetic clinic in Oklahoma City. For above-the-knee amputees the old system had the stump rest on the prosthesis, which caused pain and circulatory problems and often did not work well, sometimes not at all. Using the new, flexible, rubber-like plastic, the new prosthesis grips the stump, which not only relieves pain and circulatory problems, but also better channels the energy and movement of the stump into natural, leg-like movements.

Even in advance of receiving his own leg, Ariel was not satisfied to give himself new life. He wanted it for all the above-the-knee amputees in Israel. So he had a long talk with the prosthetists in Oklahoma City about bringing this technology to the Holy Land. They agreed to train Israeli prosthetists in Oklahoma City and to travel to Israel to train Israeli prosthetists there, provided only that Ariel supply the plane tickets.

Ariel’s goal reached even beyond making the technology available in Israel. He aspired to establish a “Hebrew Free Limb Society” to provide a limb to the amputee as a loan, until – only a person like Ariel has the right to make this pun – “the amputee gets back on his feet.”

Strictly speaking, it is not idealism that motivates Ariel. It is something more – his sense that he has been designated as an angel of God before. He has reason to think this, and the way he sees it, his years of suffering now make him a messenger again – to help those whom the world forgets. Why is he certain he has been an angel once before, thus able to be so once again?


Ariel volunteered on two kibbutzim. The one where he lost his leg preferred that he leave the country. He was an embarrassment to the kibbutz. But Ariel would not leave Israel, no matter what. It took him about five years of various struggles to get into tourism schools; and somehow, between cars, crutches and artificial limbs, which kept him in pain and then went bad altogether, he remained a tour guide for 15 years.

Toward the beginning of his career, when he was low man on the totem pole, he was assigned to pick up tourists at the international airport in Lod and to bring them to the main office, whereupon an experienced guide would take over.

He yanked up his sleeve to show Ariel a number tattooed on his arm. Ariel looked, almost went into shock.

One day he picked up an American, ostentatiously wealthy, ostentatiously dressed and mannered. Even crude. Ariel could not bring himself to be friendly, so he was formal. Halfway from Lod to Jerusalem, the tourist, a perceptive man, yelled, “Pull over!” Ariel pulled over. The man barked, “You think I’m just a materialistic American tourist, don’t you? Well, I’ve paid my dues!” He yanked up his sleeve to show Ariel a number tattooed on his arm. Ariel looked, almost went into shock, and before he knew what was happening the tourist was saying, “I lost my whole family … a brother in front of me, a brother in back of me…” Ariel’s mind burned.

The man’s face was florid. Ariel calmed himself, saying simply, “Was your brother’s name Shimon?” The red face turned white. “We’re turning around, I’m not taking you to Jerusalem.”

Ariel made a U-turn and drove one-and-a-half hours to the kibbutz where he had worked with the wiry carpenter, near Afula. The psychic noise in the car was palpable. Finally Ariel reached the kibbutz and then the carpenter shed. He saw his former supervisor for the first time in ten years. Without introduction, he said simply: “Was your brother’s name Reuven?”

The carpenter’s face turned white.

Ariel returned to the taxi, unloaded it, told his American tourist, “Come. I am bringing you to your brother.”

He led him to the carpenter shed, did not enter – did not want to infringe on the privacy of the moment – then made a U-turn and drove to the entrance of the kibbutz. He stopped, and wept.

Why?

When he had seen the number tattooed on the tourist’s arm, the last four digits were 7-4-0-2.

Excerpted from The Unexpected Road: Storied Jewish Lives around the World, by Rabbi Hillel Goldberg, Feldheim Publications



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