Civil War
1865House passes the 13th Amendment
On this day in 1865, the U.S. House of Representatives passes the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, abolishing slavery in America.The amendmentread, “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”
When the Civil War began, President Abraham Lincoln’s professed goal was the restoration of the Union. But early in the war, the Union began keeping escaped slaves rather than returning them to their owners, so slavery essentially ended wherever the Union army was victorious. In September 1862, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing all slaves in areas that were still in rebellion against the Union. This measure opened the issue of what to do about slavery in border states that had not seceded or in areas that had been captured by the Union before the proclamation.
In 1864, an amendment abolishing slavery passed the U.S. Senate but died in the House as Democrats rallied in the name of states’ rights. The election of 1864 brought Lincoln back to the White Housealong withsignificant Republican majorities in both houses, so it appeared the amendment was headed for passage when the new Congress convened in March 1865. Lincoln preferred that the amendment receive bipartisan support–some Democrats indicated support for the measure, but many still resisted. The amendment passed 119 to 56, seven votes above the necessary two-thirds majority. Several Democrats abstained, but the 13th Amendment was sent to the states for ratification, which came in December 1865. With the passage of the amendment, the institution that had indelibly shaped American history was eradicated.
RELATED VIDEOS
VIDEOPlay video
After the EmancipationVIDEOPlay video
Lincoln Issues the Emancipation ProclamationVIDEOPlay video
The Lincoln LegacyVIDEOPlay video
The Emancipation ProclamationVIDEOPlay video
Sound Smart: The 15th AmendmentVIDEOPlay video
Sound Smart: The Fugitive Slave ActVIDEOPlay video
Sound Smart: The Kansas-Nebraska ActVIDEOPlay video
Sound Smart: Compromise of 1850VIDEOPlay video
Who Was Sally Hemings?VIDEOPlay video
African Slave TradeVIDEOPlay video
Harriet Tubman and the Underground RailroadVIDEOPlay video
John Brown
NEWS
Upcoming Auction Spans 200 Years of U.S. HistoryNEWS
Congress Passes 13th Amendment, 150 Years AgoNEWS
5 Things You May Not Know About Lincoln, Slavery and EmancipationNEWS
What is Juneteenth?NEWS
Emancipation Proclamation Copy Signed by Lincoln for SaleTOPIC
Emancipation ProclamationINTERACTIVES
Mapping Slave VoyagesTOPIC
James BuchananNEWS
Solomon Northup After His “12 Years a Slave”TOPIC
Missouri CompromiseTOPIC
Kansas-Nebraska ActTOPIC
Wilmot Proviso